我自制的活动矿石检波器

mldog

做活动矿石可以增加玩矿石收音机的乐趣。坛里有好几位大哥都做了矿石检波器，小弟十分钦佩。无奈由于家里上有老下有小，无法开采、冶炼矿石，只好另辟蹊径。
  我的“矿石”是从垃圾堆里“开采”的。找一些坏的塑封大功率管、集成电路、可控硅。
<img src="attachments/94kk/20063522452840.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window
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  将散热板的固定孔用4mm手丝攻，攻出丝。用钢锯在塑封面锯“井”字形的槽（不要锯到散热板）
<img src="attachments/94kk/20063522462140.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window
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  由边向内小心把塑封的材料撬下来，我们要找的石英矿（单晶硅）就显露出来了。用细金刚沙纸打磨单晶硅。我们的矿石检波器的心脏部分就做好了。
<img src="attachments/94kk/20063522465240.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window
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  找两个香蕉插头。自己用塑料做一个安装座。
<img src="attachments/94kk/20063522473240.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window
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  再找一个弹簧，一个透明塑料管，（弹簧和塑料管都是拆圆珠笔的零件）一个注射针，一个1mm厚，6x30mm的铜板。（从废电源插头里拆出）把铜板搞成“Z”字形，一头打个小孔，另一头打孔并攻4mm的丝。
<img src="attachments/94kk/20063522481140.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window
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把注射针套在Z形铜板的小孔里，装上弹簧，在注射针靠针尖的地方焊个小铜片。（目的是顶住弹簧）装成以后就是下面这个样子
<img src="attachments/94kk/2006352249440.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window
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  把透明塑料管加工成合适的形状，套上所有的工作就全部完成。
<img src="attachments/94kk/20063522501640.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window
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  明天向大家汇报我自制的活动矿石检波器的实用效果。
<img src="attachments/94kk/20063522511140.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window
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[right]「该帖子被 mldog 在 2006-3-5 23:05:41 编辑过」[/right]

山东老姜

思路很独特.比我做的漂亮多了!!

mldog

以下是引用 [B]山东老姜[/B] 在(2006-3-6 9:31:08)的发言：

思路很独特.比我做的漂亮多了!!

你是开拓者，我是站在你们的肩膀上的。

zqytb

型似了，还要.....

mldog

为了比较我做了三种检波器，如图所示从左到右分别为，锗高频三极管检波器（3AG7M，基极和集电极并联做一极，发射极做另一极），锗二极管检波器(2AP9J)，自制活动矿石检波器。
<img src="attachments/94kk/2006361059778.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window
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下图是它们安装在矿石接收机上的样子。
<img src="attachments/94kk/2006361111778.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window
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<img src="attachments/94kk/2006361105178.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window
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<img src="attachments/94kk/20063610595278.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window
CTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window
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  试用的过程是：先用2AP9J接收一个强台，然后拔出2AP9J插上3AG7M听一下效果。接着拔出3AG7M，插上自制矿石。没声！移动了几次探针，结果令人吃惊，声音洪亮、无显著失真。自制的矿石声音比3AG7M还好，AG7M声音比较小有杂音。从理论上讲3AG7M做检波效果应该比自制矿石好，也许3AG7M是民用管，又生产了30几年，质量成问题。

接着用更多的二极管做了检波电流对比测量：
2CP10                6 μΑ     声音小杂音大
2CN1A               14 μΑ     声音较小清楚
自制矿石            22 μΑ     声音中无失真
3AG7M               38 μΑ     声音小有杂音
2AK24               45 μΑ     声音大无失真
2AP9J               52 μΑ     声音洪量完美

  我做试验时矿石收音机没有用地线，自制矿石检波效果相当好。3AG7M检波器、2AP9J检波器和自制矿石检波器的最佳阻抗不同，要适当调整线圈抽头位置，才能获得最好的效果。
<img src="attachments/94kk/2006361115678.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window
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  最让人满意地是自制矿石检波器，让我了重温儿童时代的乐趣。至于怎么找到最佳点，我就不公布了，还是把这份寻找的快乐留给大家。
  我自制活动矿石有一点小的体会，弹簧的压力越大声音也越大，针头越尖声音越好。单晶硅很硬，针头没几下就不尖了，就要取下来磨尖。

希望各位兄弟也能玩得高兴，并盼望有更多更好的DIY作品出现。

老k

自制矿石的顶！
思路不错，手艺也好。

mldog

以下是引用 [B]老k[/B] 在(2006-3-6 13:02:06)的发言：

自制矿石的顶！
思路不错，手艺也好。

谢谢大哥的夸奖

mldog

以下是引用 [B]zqytb[/B] 在(2006-3-6 10:16:58)的发言：

型似了，还要.....

怀旧并不排斥创新，我们不是考古，玩的是心情，只要有那么个意思就行了。

天缘

是用单晶硅，而不是天然矿石呀！
不过现在天然矿石很难找，用这办法也可找回童年的快乐。

mldog

以下是引用 [B]天缘[/B] 在(2006-3-6 13:13:38)的发言：

是用单晶硅，而不是天然矿石呀！
不过现在天然矿石很难找，用这办法也可找回童年的快乐。

玩的是意思和心态，并不需要完全仿古。真的乐趣在于自己动手。

天缘

很好的好创新思路！顶！

tnlby

楼主请说说那漂亮的彩色线圈.

zqytb

用2、3、4……个2AP9二极管并联试一下会有惊喜[em5][em10][em26]

mldog

以下是引用 [B]tnlby[/B] 在(2006-3-6 16:58:04)的发言：

楼主请说说那漂亮的彩色线圈.

那是用废电线绕的线圈，过几天发个帖子详细介绍给大家。


[right]「该帖子被 mldog 在 2006-3-6 21:01:54 编辑过」[/right]

mldog

以下是引用 [B]zqytb[/B] 在(2006-3-6 19:07:35)的发言：

用2、3、4……个2AP9二极管并联试一下会有惊喜[em5][em10][em26]

试了一下，没有任何作用。
分析：在几个并联的二极管中，总有一个二极管正向压降最小、先导通，而其他的二极管因为压降高永远不会导通，所以并联无任何意义。