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发表于 2023-12-6 13:22:00
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糖水解决。
以下取自维基百科
Treatment after exposure
The primary treatment is removal from exposure. Contaminated clothing should be removed and placed in airtight bags before incineration to prevent secondary exposure.
For external exposure, bathing the mucous membrane surfaces that have contacted capsaicin with oily compounds such as vegetable oil, paraffin oil, petroleum jelly (Vaseline), creams, or polyethylene glycol is the most effective way to attenuate the associated discomfort; since oil and capsaicin are both hydrophobic hydrocarbons, the capsaicin that has not already been absorbed into tissues will be picked up into solution and easily removed. Capsaicin can also be washed off the skin using soap, shampoo, or other detergents. Plain water is ineffective at removing capsaicin. Capsaicin is soluble in alcohol, which can be used to clean contaminated items.
When capsaicin is ingested, cold milk is an effective way to relieve the burning sensation (due to caseins, a protein found in milk, having a detergent effect on capsaicin), and sugar solution (10%) at 20 °C (68 °F) is almost as effective. The burning sensation will slowly fade away over several hours if no actions are taken.
Capsaicin-induced asthma might be treated with oral antihistamines or corticosteroids.
译文如下
接触后的处理
最好的方法是不要接触。 衣服被污染后烧掉，烧前放入密封袋中，防止二次接触。
对于外部接触，用植物油、石蜡油、凡士林（凡士林）、面霜或聚乙二醇等油性化合物清洗接触过辣椒素的表面是减轻不适的有效方法； 由于油和辣椒素都是疏水性碳氢化合物，尚未被组织吸收的辣椒素将被溶解到溶液中很容易去除。 也可以使用肥皂、洗发水或其他清洁剂将皮肤上的辣椒素洗掉。 不过白开水无效。 辣椒素溶于酒精，因此酒精可清洁受污染的物品。
当摄入辣椒素时，冷牛奶是缓解灼热感的有效方法（由于酪蛋白，牛奶中发现的一种蛋白质，对辣椒素具有去除作用），以及20°C（68°F）的糖溶液（10%） ）几乎同样有效。 如果置之不理，灼烧感会在几个小时内慢慢消失。
辣椒素引起的哮喘可以用口服抗组胺药或皮质类固醇治疗。 |
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